脂肪酸甲酯与三羟丙烷的酯交换及性能研究

The transesterification of fatty acid methyl ester with trimethylolpropane and the study on its property

以菜籽油为原料,首先与甲醇反应,得到脂肪酸甲酯。脂肪酸甲酯再进一步与三羟甲基丙烷酯交换合成脂肪酸三羟甲基丙烷酯。通过正交实验确定最佳反应条件为:脂肪酸甲酯与三羟甲基丙烷的质量比为85∶10,反应温度为160℃,催化剂甲醇钠的用量为油重的0.5%,反应时间为6 h,通过酸值计算最高酯化率为72.74%。用红外光谱(IR)对最佳反应条件下的产物的结构进行分析。通过摩擦磨损试验结果显示,脂肪酸三羟甲基丙烷酯作为润滑基础油,具有明显的减摩抗磨的效果。

Fatty acid methyl esters（FAME） was synthesized by using rapeseed oil（RO） as raw material,methanol as ester-exchange agent.Fatty acid ester trimethylolpropane（FAET） was synthesized by the transesterification of FAME with Trimethylolpropane（TMP）.The optimum reaction conditions was determined by carrying out orthogonal experiment： the mass ratio of FAME and TMP was 85∶10,the reaction temperature was 160 ℃,the weight of catalyst（sodium methoxide）was 0.5% of the oil weight,the reaction time was 6 hours,the rate of the product was 80.20%.The structure of the product was analyzed which was made under the optimum reaction conditions by means of infrared spectrometry（IR）.Its kinematic viscosity with the Ubbelohde viscometer was weasured and then the viscosity index was calculated.The conclusions indicates that in the process of friction,using FAET as base oil lubricant has apparent antiwear and friction reduction properties.