脑星形细胞瘤P^(53)、ras-P^(21)、C-myc癌基因蛋白协同表达的观测

Co operative Expression of P 53 、 ras P 21 and C myc Oncogene proteins in Brain Astrocytomas

目的：探讨多个癌基因在脑星形细胞瘤形成中的作用及其协同关系。方法：应用免疫组化ＳＰ法检测Ｐ５３、ｒａｓＰ２１及Ｃｍｙｃ癌基因蛋白在５０例脑星形细胞瘤中的表达。结果：星形细胞瘤Ｐ５３、Ｐ２１、Ｃｍｙｃ基因蛋白的表达率分别为２６％、４４％及３６％。有４例３种癌基因蛋白同时表达，且均为Ⅲ、Ⅳ级肿瘤。另有１０例２种癌基因同时表达。一种癌基因的单独表达三者有所不同，Ｐ５３蛋白单独表达多见于Ⅲ、Ⅳ级肿瘤（３／４），而Ｐ２１及Ｃｍｙｃ基因蛋白单独表达均多见于Ⅰ、Ⅱ级肿瘤（８／１０及５／７），三者同时阴性也多见于Ⅰ、Ⅱ级肿瘤（１０／１５）。结论：三种癌基因在星形细胞瘤中的表达有一定的协同关系。

Purpose: To investigate the effects and their co operative relationship of P 53 , ras P 21 and C myc on formation of brain astrocytomas. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the expressions of these proteins in 50 cases with brain astrocytomas. Results: The positive expression rates of P 53 , ras P 21 and C myc were 26%, 44% and 36% respectively. Simultaneous expression of these proteins was found in 4 patients, and all of them belonged to grade three and grade four. 10 cases appearred simultaneous expression of two types of these proteins. There existed difference among individual expression of these proteins. The P 53 protein was more frequently expressed in tumours belonged to grade three and grade four(3/4), ras P 21 protein and C myc proteins expressed in grade one and grade two(8/10,5/7). In addition, the negative expression of these proteins was mainly found in grade one and grade two(10/15) at the same time. Conclusion: There might exist co operative relationship among these oncogene proteins, and it might be necessary for two or more kinds of these proteins to activate in formation of more malignant astrocytomas.