油页岩溶剂萃取技术研究

Research on Oil Shale Solvent Extraction Technology

为寻找油页岩清洁、高效利用的途径,分别进行了油页岩在温和条件下溶剂萃取、添加剂辅助萃取、微波辅助萃取等工艺的研究。采用气相色谱/质谱联用技术(GC/MS)对三种不同萃取工艺获得的萃取产物进行了成分分析。结果表明:萃取法是油页岩资源利用的有效途径,萃取率可以达到8.2%以上。在萃取过程中加入添加剂或采用微波辅助萃取均可提高油页岩的萃取率,且微波辅助萃取工艺可有效地缩短萃取时间、降低萃取剂的用量。GC/MS分析表明,萃取物主要由脂肪烃构成,其次是含杂原子的化合物,芳环族化合物含量较少。微波辅助萃取可获得更多种类的有机化合物。

The research on solvent extraction technology,additive-assisted extraction technology and microwave-assisted extraction technology of oil shale under mild conditions is carried out to find out the clean and high efficiency way to utilize oil shale.Gas chromatograghy/mass spectrometry technology（GC/MS） is employed to conduct composition analysis on extraction products resulting from three different extraction technologies.The result shows the extraction method is an effective way to utilize oil shale resources and the extraction rate can be up to above 8.2%. Both adding additive in the process of extracting and adopting micro-assisted extraction can improve the extraction rate of oil shale.And the microwave-assisted extraction technology can shorten extraction time and decrease consumption of extraction agent effectively.GC/MS analysis shows that,with less content of aromatic hydrocarbon compound,the extraction products are composed of aliphatic hydrocarbon mainly,and heterocyclic compound secondarily.Many more sorts of organic compounds could be gained by adopting microwave-assisted extraction technology.