喷射成形过共晶Al-Si合金组织、性能的研究进展

Development on Optimizing the Microstructures and Properties of Spray-Formed Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloys

过共晶Al-Si合金作为最具代表性的喷射成形材料在轻质、耐热、耐磨结构件,尤其是发动机缸套的工业化生产方面,已获得大量的应用。目前商用化的过共晶Al-Si合金在热稳定性和高温性能方面的不足已成为开发高性能发动机的限制因素,因而也成为近年来各研究机构的主要研究方向。用Fe,Mn,Cr为主的合金化代替传统的以Cu,Mg为主的合金化,使Al2Cu,Al2CuMg等强化相被稳定性更高的α-Al(Fe,TM)Si相所代替,达到了组织和室温、高温性能的双重优化,制备出继PEAK和OSPREY公司之后开发的可应用于更高性能发动机缸套部件的新型过共晶Al-Si合金。

Hypereutectic Al - Si alloys, as the most representative spray-formed materials, are widely used in low density, heat- and wear-resistant structural parts, especially the industrial production and application in engine cylinder liners. The thermal stability and high-temperature properties of present commercial hypereutectic Al -Si alloys, however, become a limiting factor for developing high-performance engines and it is the main research interests of many institutions. Based on this interest, the idea that using Fe, Mn and Cr as the main alloying elements to substitute traditional alloying elements Cu and Mg promotes the replacement of strengthening phase such as Al2 Cu, Al2 CuMg, etc. , by α - Al （ Fe, TM ） Si phase with high thermal stability to realize the double optimization of microstructures and room-/high-temperature properties. The present AS-series hypereutectic Al - Si alloys can be used for the cylinder liners of high-performance engines after the similar al- loys developed by PEAK and OSPREY companies.