高校少数民族贫困生心理健康状况与应对方式的调查分析

The Analysis on the Psychological Health of Minority College Students and its Measures

本研究运用SCL—90症状自评量表和应对方式问卷(CSQ),对新疆伊犁师范学院320名少数民族贫困生的心理健康状况和应对方式进行了测查分析,结果显示,与全国常模及本校同年级汉族学生样本进行比较,少数民族贫困生心理适应问题比一般大学生严重;问题较突出地表现在焦虑、恐怖、强迫、偏执等方面;少数民族贫困生在解决问题、求助、积极应对因子上显著优于汉族非贫困生,与非贫困生相比在解决问题、自责、幻想、消极应对因子上差异显著(P<0.05),少数民族贫困生SCL—90各因子与消极应对总分具有显著正相关,与积极应对总分无显著相关;SCL—90各因子与应对方式的解决问题、求助因子具有显著负相关,与自责、幻想、退避、合理化因子具有显著正相关。为此,高校要有针对性开展心理健康教育和心理咨询工作,营造团结互助,扶贫帮困的校园氛围,培养学生各种应激的能力,促进少数民族贫困生的心理健康和良性发展。

Using SCL-90 symptom self-checking form and coping style of questionnaire,this paper analyzed the psychological health of 328 minority college students from Yili Normal University and its measures on it.The finding is that their main problems are anxiety,fear,compelling,psychosis etc.The psychological health of those low-income minority college students is worse than that of Han minority ones,but their ability of facing and solving problems,asking help better than that of Han students based on the different relationship with each items of SCL-90.Therefore,local government,colleges and whole society should perfect social security system in economical support for those students,and develop psychological health education and their ability of dealing those problems.The aim is to help those low-income minority college students adapt to the social development and to promote their psychological health and well-developing.