某三甲医院2001至2009年抗-HIV阳性患者临床分析

Analysis on HIV antibody positive patients in certain hospital from 2001 to 2009

目的分析某三甲医院2001至2009年门诊及住院患者HIV感染情况、感染率增长原因、感染途径,并提出相应的预防措施。方法采用ELISA检测抗-HIV,抗-HIV阳性者再用金标法检测,两种检测方法同为阳性者做确诊实验。金标法阴性者再用ELISA法双孔复查,双孔阴性报阴性结果,一阴一阳或双孔阳性同样做确诊实验。结果共检测109470例门诊和住院患者,其中HIV阳性患者354例,且呈逐年递增趋势,2001至2009年每年的HIV确诊阳性数差异具有统计学意义(F=9.23,P=0.000),传播途径以血液、性传播为主,大部分感染者具有不安全性行为、输血史、静脉吸毒史等。结论近年来HIV感染者逐渐增多,控制HIV传播的主要途径包括禁止不安全性行为、禁止吸毒、禁止输用未经标准检测的血液等。对高危人群和可能经医源性途径传播和感染HIV的患者进行常规抗-HIV检测是尽早发现HIV感染并防止其传播的必要措施;对AIDS患者及高危人群进行HIV感染特点及其传播方式的宣传教育。

Objective To analyze HIV infection condition,the causes and routes of infection of clinic service and inpatients in certain hospital from 2001 to 2009,and discuss the corresponding protective measures.Methods HIV antibodies were detected by ELISA method.The positive samples were detected by gold marked method.Positive samples tested by both methods were sent to final diagnosis.Negative samples detected by gold marked method were detected by ELISA diplopore detection.Diplopore negative samples were reported negative;one negative and one positive or two positive samples were sent to final diagnosis.Results Total of 109 470 clinic service and inpatients were detected,354 of whom were positive.The positive rate was increased year by year.The number of HIV positive diagnosis patients among years were significantly different（F = 9.23,P = 0.000）.Major transmission routes were blood and sex.Most infected patients had unsafe sex,blood transfusion and intravenous drug taking.Conclusions HIV infected patients increased in recent years.Major ways to control HIV transmission include inhibition of unsafe sex,intravenous drug taking and transfusion of undetected blood.It is necessary to detect HIV antibody among high risk population and persons who may be infected by iatrogenic way,so that HIV infection may be found early and HIV transmission would be inhibited.HIV characteristics and modes of transmission should be taught to AIDS patients and high risk population.