实验性动脉粥样硬化家兔血液流变特性的阶段性改变及其意义

Hemorheological Changes and Its Significance in Different Stages of Experimental Atherosclerotic Rabbits

目的：了解实验性动脉粥样硬化家兔血液流变特性的改变及其意义。方法：健康家兔８０只，随机分为实验组（ＡＧ）６０只及对照组（ＣＧ）２０只，各组又均分为４个亚组，即ＡＧ１～ＡＧ４和ＣＧ１～ＣＧ４，ＡＧ每日给予胆固醇粉１ｇ／只，在喂养的第２、４、８和１２周分别观察ＡＧ１与ＣＧ１、ＡＧ２与ＣＧ２、ＡＧ３与ＣＧ３和ＡＧ４与ＣＧ４组主动脉粥样硬化（ＡＳ）病变及相应血液流变特性的变化。结果：在兔ＡＳ阶段性进程中，血清总胆固醇浓度、全血表观粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞硬度指数、红细胞聚集指数及全血粘弹性呈升高趋势，低切全血表观粘度与红细胞聚集指数间、弹性模量与红细胞硬度指数和动粘度间均存在正相关关系。结论：除高胆固醇血症外，血液流变特性特别是全血粘弹性的改变亦是ＡＳ的重要成因。

Objective: To investigate the hemorheological changes and its significance in experimental atherosclerotic rabbits. Method: 80 rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group( n =60) and control group( n =20). Each of the two groups was also equally divided into for subgroups four experimental subgroups and four control ones. Each rabbit of the experimental group was fed with cholesterol powder(1 g/day). At the 2nd, 4th, 8th and 12th week, the hemorheological parameters were tested and the pathologic alteration of atherosclerosis(AS) in the aorta were also observed. Results: Total cholesterol concentration inserum, high or low share rate blood viscosity(ηa), plasma viscosity erythrocyte rigidity index(TK value), erythrocyte aggregation index(EAI) and viscoelastic properties of whole blood were significantly increased( P < 0.05 or 0.01 ) in the course of AS. ηa(low share) positively correlated with EAI( r = 0.628 , 0.684 , 0.881 , P < 0.01 ), and whole blood dynamic modulus positively correlated with TK value( r = 0.578 ￣ 0.842 , P < 0.05 ￣ 0.001 ) and whole blood dynamic viscosity( r = 0.513 ￣ 0.848 , P < 0.05 ￣ 0.001 ). Conclusion: Both hypercholesterolemia and changes of hemorheological characters play an important role in the pathogenesis of AS in cholesterol fed rabbits.