安庆市农村中老年人生命质量评价及影响因素分析

Life quality and its influencing factors among middle and old aged residents in rural Anqing

目的调查农村地区中老年人生命质量,建立中老年人群年龄别、性别SF-36量表各维度正常参考值,并分析影响该人群生命质量的因素,为提高目标人群生命质量提供参考依据。方法用SF-36量表对农村地区1009名45～75岁的普通人群进行生命质量评价,同时调查可能影响生命质量的性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况等一般情况,用t检验、方差分析和多元线性回归统计方法分析影响生命质量的因素。结果本次调查的中老年人生命质量总得分平均为73.32±24.61;多元线性回归分析显示,影响中老年人生命质量的可能因素有性别、婚姻状况、职业和年龄。结论政府应采取积极的政策预防和控制慢性病、改善女性的家庭地位、加强对孤寡老人的救助。针对女性以及孤寡老人等社会弱势人群,在制订和实施卫生服务以及社会保障政策时应予以重点考虑,以期提高农村地区中老年人的生命质量。

Objective To investigate the middle-aged and elderly rural residents＇ quality of life（QOL） and establish normative values of the SF-36 scale scores by age/sex group in the middle-aged and elderly residents,so as to enhancing the quality of life in target population through investigating and analyzing the influencing factors of the rural residents＇ quality of life.Methods SF-36 scales was used to evaluate the quality of life in 1 009 ordinary rural residents at the age of 45～75.The data of potential risk factors including gender,age,education,occupation,marital status were collected.The Student＇s t test,variance analysis,and multivariate stepwise regression methods were used to test the impacts of different risk factors on quality of life.Results The mean of the QOL scores among the middle-aged and elderly residents was 73.32±24.61.The multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that the influencing factors of the middle-aged and elderly rural residents＇ quality of life may be sex,marital status,occupation and age.Conclusions The government should adopt positive policy to prevent and control chronic diseases,improve female＇s family status and raise the aid level of elderly people of no family,when formulating and implementing the health services and social security policy,we should pay attention to women and elderly and other social vulnerable groups,so as to raise the middle and old aged rural residents＇ quality of life.