中国土地利用比较优势与用地结构调整策略研究

Study of Comparative Advantage in Land Use and Adjustment Policies of Land Use Structure in China

不同的土地资源配置方式会形成不同的利益分配格局,也会带来一系列的社会影响和环境问题。根据相对优势最大化的原则进行土地资源利用结构的合理调配,是实现经济发展与耕地保护双赢的有效途径。应用比较优势理论,以2007年全国31个省(区、市)土地利用和社会经济发展的数据为基础,考察土地资源在生产层面上潜在的比较优势,从规模优势、利用效率优势和综合优势几方面分别计算建设用地和耕地资源的综合优势度及比较优势度,并据此提出各省(区、市)土地利用结构调整的用地策略。

Different modes of land allocation can lead to different patterns of benefit distribution, leading to social and environmental issues. It is an efficient way to achieve economic development and farmland protection win-win situation to allocate land according to the principle of maximizing the comparative advantages. By using the comparative advantage theory, this paper discusses the level of potential comparative advantages of land in the production on the basis of land use and economic develop- ment data in 31 provinces in 2007, calculates the comparative advantages of construction land and farmland separately, and puts forward land use strategies to adjust the land use in those provinces.