电力配网系统的无功补偿及其优化的研究

Study on Reactive Compensation and Optimization of Electric Distribution Networks

以综合经济效益最大为目标函数,对配电网无功优化方法进行了研究。首先,电容器组是配电网中应用最广泛的无功补偿设备,从网损最小、年运行费用最小、年支出费用最小的观点以及在负荷典型分布情况下,研究了求最佳补偿容量和补偿位置的算法,但这些算法只能确定部分参数。其次,在实际电网中,并联电容器组的配置包括确定并联电容器组的组数、各组电容器的容量、安装位置及其投切时刻。根据无功电流持续曲线中两个重要几何特性—"等面积判据"和"等长度判据",针对我国配电网中大部分线路的无功负荷随时间波动较大,对末端集中负荷采用最佳分级补偿、对分布负荷采用最佳分散补偿,把求取最大经济效益的积分方程组求极值的困难问题,简化成十分简单的算术运算问题。最后,通过实例计算和分析证实了本文方法的有效性。

Taking maximum composite economic results as objective functions,the reactive optimization method of the distribution network has been studied.First,a capacitor bank is the most extensive reactive compensation equipment which is used in the distribution networks.From the viewpoints of the minimum network losses,minimum annual operating costs and minimum annual cost of expenditure,and load model distribution conditions,the algorithm to solve the optimum compensation capacity and compensation position is studied,but the algorithm can only definite partial parameters.Next,in practical electric networks,the configuration of the shunt capacitor bank includes how to definite the group number of the shunt capacitor bank,capacity of each group capacitor,the installation position and switching time of each group capacitor.On the basis of two important geometrical features of continuous curves of reactive current-＂equivalent area criterion＂ and equivalent length criterion,for our country＇s most distribution networks,reactive loads are heavy as time undulation,the optimal mutistep compensation for the terminal loads are used and the optimal dispersed compensation for the distributed loads are used.We solve difficult problems of the integral equation group to solve extreme to simplify simple arithmetic operation.Finally,by the example of the calculation and analysis,it has proved that the method is effective.