超声心动，图评价兔腹主动脉缩窄模型心功能演变的实验研究

Experimental Study of Echocardiography for Assessing Cardiac Functional Evolution in Abdominal Aortic Coarctation Rabbits

[目的]建立心肌肥厚-心衰动物模型,应用超声心动图动态观察兔心脏结构、血流动力学及心功能变化,探讨其演变规律.[方法]新西兰兔25只随机分为两组,手术组兔经侧腹部入路于肾动脉上方缩窄腹主动脉,术后观察动物行为学表现,定期复查超声,动态观察腹主动脉及心脏超声改变.[结果]腹主动脉缩窄程度无明显改变,血流流速于4周后逐渐下降.左房内径（LAD）、左室后壁厚度（LVPW）及室间隔厚度（IVS）术后4周均增大,差异有显著性,6周后IVS增厚较LVPW明显,左室射血分数（EF）及左室短轴缩短率（FS）术后8周明显下降,Tei指数术后2周即开始显著增高（以上均 P 〈0.05）.[结论]经侧腹部入路缩窄腹主动脉制作兔心肌肥厚-心衰模型方法可行,成功率高,超声很好地反映了心脏心肌肥厚,心功能受损至心衰的一系列演变过程.

[Objectivel To establish the animal models of ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure, and observe the changes of cardiac structure, hemodynamics and cardiac function by using echocardiography in order to explore its evolution. [Methods] Twenty-five New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 2 groups. Ventricular hypertrophy was established by ligating abdominal aorta above the renal artery branch in operative group. The clinical situation, changes of abdominal aorta and heart were observed. [Resultsl The coarctation degree of abdominal aorta did not change over time, whereas the velocity gradually decreased 4 weeks after operation. The diameter of LA, as well as thickness of LVPW and IVS increased significantly 4 weeks after operation. IVS was markedly thicker than LVPW 6 weeks after operation. Eight weeks after operation, EF and FS significantly decreased, and Tei index increased 2 weeks after operation（all P 〈0.05）, fConclusionl Establishing the models of ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure by ligating abdominal aorta is feasible with high success rate. Echocardiography can be used to assess the structural and functional evolution of heart failure.