加拿大入境美国旅游流的地域对接分析

Spatial Relation of Inbound Tourism Flows from Canadian Provinces to US States

加拿大游客入境美国旅游是北美最大的国际旅游流。依据2006～2007年的有关统计资料,采用游客到访率、市场占有率和二维矩阵模型等,分析了加拿大10个省到美国22个州旅游流的0-D对接关系。结果发现:加拿大游客入境美国旅游,多以北部边界、五大湖区,沿环美高速铁路分东西两线流向美国南部;从加拿大各省到美国各州旅游流,遵循以"三择原理"为特征的0-D对接关系。其中,东部各省游客主要分布在五大湖区和东部沿海,中部各省游客分布在相邻的边界各州,西部各省游客主要分布在美国西部沿海,受趋"阳光性"影响沿环美高铁可抵达南部的佛罗里达。加拿大各省游客在美国各州的分布,主要受距离衰减原理、沿高铁和航空线分布、以及顶极旅游资源吸引的控制。这个研究拓展了旅游流0-D对接中的多源对多汇,为我国沿边省区与周边国家开展跨国旅游合作提供借鉴。

tourist flow from Canada is the largest international flow for US inbounds tourism in North America. Based on the data of Canadian Provinces and US States,this paper analyses the Origin and Destination relation between twelve provinces in Canada and 22 states in US by using the index of tourism preference and market share. Finally,it turns out：arrivals from Canada travel to US states through Great Lakes,high speed railway around America and boundary line;Canadian tourists has a geographical distribution,which means the eastern Canadian tourists distribute in the eastern Great Lakes,the middle Canadian tourists in the nearby states and western tourists in western US. This kind of distribution is influenced by spatial attenuating tendency,high speed railway,airline and high level tourism resources. The above research provides an international tourism corporation experience for Chinese border provinces and its neighboring countries.