不同行为类型孕妇的孕期不良心理行为

Adverse psychology and behaviors in pregnant women with different types of behavior

目的：探讨不同行为类型孕妇孕期焦虑症状、抑郁症状、不良生活事件、自杀相关心理行为、自伤行为以及酗酒等不良心理行为，为孕期不同行为类型者有针对的心理行为干预提供依据。方法：采用方便取样，在知情同意的前提下连续抽取了1789名孕妇。用A型行为类型评定量表（TypeABehaviorPatternScale，TABS）将受试分为A型、偏A型、M型、偏B型、B型5种行为类型。用自编一般情况调查表、流调中心用抑郁量表（CenterforEpidemiologicStudiesDepressionScale，CES—D），焦虑自评量表（Self-Rat—ingAnxietyScale，SAS），简易应对方式问卷（SimplifiedCopingStyleQuestionnaire，SCSQ），自编生活事件问卷及自杀相关心理行为、自伤行为、醉酒行为问卷进行调查。结果：A型行为比例为2．9％，偏A型为19．2％，M型为4．9％，偏B型为40．8％，B型行为的比例为32．2％。TABS分与孕前半年内自评工作压力、孕期睡眠状况、CES—D分、SAS分、消极应对得分和生活事件数量均呈正相关（r=0．08～0．34，均P〈0．001），而与积极应对得分呈负相关（r=-0．09，P〈0．001）。自杀意念、自杀计划、自杀行动、自伤行为和醉酒行为的报告率随行为类型从A型逐渐向B型变化时呈下降趋势，均表现为A型和偏A型行为孕妇相对较高，其中A型行为音均最高（如自杀意念从A型到B型的报告率分别为11．5％，7．9％，5．7％，4．8％，2．8％，P〈0．01）。结论：A型与偏A型孕妇孕期不良心理行为较多，应加强对这类孕妇的关注。

Objective： To examine the adverse psychology and behaviors in pregnant women with different types of behavior and try to provide evidences for the psychological intervention among them. Methods： Totally 1789 pregnant women were selected by convenience sampling and were classified into different types according to the Type A Behavior Pattern Scale （ TABS ） . Their symptoms of depression and anxiety, and coping style were evaluated with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale （ CES-D ）, Self-rating Anxiety Scale （ SAS ）, and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire （SCSQ） . The life events, suicide related psychology and behaviors, self-harm behaviors, and excessive drinking were assessed with the self-made questionnaires. Results： The rates of type A behavior, partial type A behavior, middle type behavior, partial type B behavior, and type B behavior were 2. 9% D 19. 2% , 4. 9% , 40. 8% and 32. 2%, respectively. The scores of self-rating working pressure, qual- ity of sleep, depression, anxiety, negative coping style, and the number of adverse life events had positive corre- lation with the scores of TABS （ r = 0. 08 - 0. 34, P 〈 0. 001 ） . But the scores of positive coping style had negative correlation with scores of TABS （ r = -0. 09, P 〈 0. 001 ） . The rates of suicide related psychology and behaviors, self-harm behaviors and excessive drinking were higher in type A behavior than in type B behavior （ e. g. , the rates of suicide idea in type A behavior, partial type A behavior, middle type behavior, partial type B behavior, and type B behavior women were 11.5%, 7. 9%, 5. 7%, 4. 8%, and 2. 8%, Ps 〈0. 01 ） . Conclusion： The ratesof adverse psychology and behaviors in pregnant women with typical type A behavior or partial type A behavior may be higher than others. More concerns should be strengthened to those pregnant women.