呼和浩特市浅层地下水水化学特征演变规律

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Variation of Mineralization for the Groundwater in Hohhot Country

针对地下水过量开采导致水资源短缺而严重遏制了呼和浩特市生态经济持续发展的现状,以呼和浩特市平原区为研究对象,对呼和浩特市浅层地下水进行系统取样分析,综合运用描述性分析,相关性分析,折线和饼图图示法,全面系统地研究了呼和浩特市浅层地下水水化学特征与矿化度演变规律。研究结果表明:①呼和浩特市浅层地下水中HCO32-和Ca2+平均浓度为333.525mg/L和82.9704mg/L,两值均较大,变异系数较小,反映了它们在地下水中的绝对含量较高,为地下水中的主要离子。②地下水中的Na+和Mg2+离子主要是来自各种硫酸盐,重碳酸盐和盐酸盐,地下水中的Ca2+离子主要来自各种硫酸盐和盐酸盐。地下水的矿化度高低主要是由水中的Mg2+和Cl-的浓度来控制的。③沿地下水水流方向,主要离子并不遵循随流程的增加而浓度增加的趋势,而是与地下水温呈现显著的负相关性。HCO32-和Ca2+离子与地下水温度的负相关最为显著,即温度越低时,离子的浓度反而越高。

According to excessive exploitation of groundwater caused the shortage of water which seriously halt the Ecological and economic sustainable development of Hohhot. This paper was systematically sampled and analyzed the shallow groundwater of Hohhot＇s plain. Descriptive analysis and correlation analysis were synthetically use to comprehensively and systematically study the Groundwater chemical＇s law and the salinity evolution＇s character. Research results shown as follows：First,the average concentration of HCO32-and Ca2＋which are derived from the shallow groundwater of Hohhot are 333.525 mg/L and 82.970 mg/L , the values of the HCO32-and Ca2＋’s average concentration are bigger and coefficient of variation are smaller. Secondly, Through the correlation analysis, we know that the Na＋ and Mg2＋of the underground water mainly come from the various Sulfate, bicarbonate and hydrochloride, and the Ca2＋ of the underground water mainly come from all sorts of sulfate and hydrochloride. The discretion of the underground water salinity is mainly controlled by the concentrations of the Mg2＋and Cl-which are come from the underground water. The third, along the groundwater flow direction, the mainly ion concentrations bid not follow the trend which is with the increase of flow to increase, but and the underground water temperature present significantly negative correlation. The negative correlation of the HCO32-, Ca2＋ and groundwater temperature are the most significant, that means when the temperature is lower, the concentration of the ions is higher.