江西省农村学生肠道线虫感染影响因素探讨

Investigation on intestinal nematode infections in rural students of Jiangxi Province

目的了解江西省农村学生肠道线虫感染现状，并探讨相关影响因素。方法按分层整群随机抽样方法，于2009年对江西省6个县（市）的60所学校，1822名学生进行现状调查，并对调查学生的粪便采用改良加藤厚涂片法进行蛔虫、钩虫和鞭虫虫卵的检测。调查的各相关因素的人群感染率用卡方检验进行统计分析。结果农村学生肠道线虫总感染率为12．62％，性别差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。其中南昌县感染率最低，与其他县市相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；卫生行为中便后无洗手习惯的占57．80％，喝生水行为占46．54％，不剪指甲学生线虫感染率最高，为15．95％，其次为喝生水，感染率为15．09％；卡方检验显示喝生水行为和是否剪指甲对感染率有影响，分散式供水学校、非卫生厕所学校与无洗手设施学校学生线虫感染率均高于总感染率。结论江西省农村学生肠道线虫感染率较高，且感染率与经济条件、学校卫生设施、学校环境卫生状况以及不良卫生行为有关。

Objective To understand the situation of intestinal nematode infection of rural students in Jiangxi Province and to investigate the relating factors. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling investigation was conducted among 60 rural schools and l 822 students in 6 counties of Jiangxi Province in 2009, and the students＇ stool were tested for the infections of intestinal nematode as well. The factors related with the prevalence rate were analysed by chi-square test. Results The total infection rate of intestinal nematode of rural students was 12.62% without significant difference on gender（ P 〉 0.05）. The infection rate of intestinal nematode in Nanchang County was the lowest comparing with that in other counties, the difference showed statistical significance（P 〈 0.05 ）. The rate of not washing hands after stool was 57.80%, and rate of drinking raw water was 46.54%. The infection rate of intestinal nematode in the students of not nails-clipping was the highest （ 15.95% ） while that of drinking raw water was the second（ 15.09% ）. The factors of drinking raw water and not nails-clipping were significant to the infection showed with chi-square test（ P 〈 0.05 ）. The infection rate of intestinal nematode among schools of decentralized water supply, non-sanitary toilets and non-hand-washing facilities was higher than the total rate. Conclusion The intestinal nenmtode infections in rural students in Jiangxi Province were high, and related with the economic condition, health facilities, environmental condition and health behavior of students.