“替自己人说话”的语用研究

A Pragmatic Analysis of "Speaking for Insiders"

"替自己人说话"(SFI)是汉语交际中一种普遍的语言现象,指的是说话人有意识地通过话语维护自己人以实现一定的交际目的。本文以"顺应论"等语用理论为基础,对SFI进行深入分析。结果表明:1)SFI言语行为是由第一说话人话语对话题所涉"自己人"实施的面子威胁(FTA)而触发的;2)SFI符合"心理、社会、物理"三个世界的顺应性;3)SFI的实施方式可分为直接实施和间接实施。

＂Speaking for insiders＂（SFI）,a common linguistic phenomenon in Chinese communication,refers to the fact that the speaker consciously defends his insider by performing SFI to realize some specific communicative goals.Based on the Adaptation Theory and other pragmatic theories,this paper analyzes several aspects of SFI and shows that： 1） SFI is triggered by the face threatening act（FTA） performed by the first speaker on the ＂insider＂ involved in the topic;2） SFI conforms to the adaptation to the three worlds—mental,social and physical;3） the way of performance of SFI can be roughly divided into direct and indirect performance.