北京故宫和辽宁黄瓦窑清代建筑琉璃构件的比较研究

The comparison of glazed tiles from the Palace Museum,Beijing and Huangwa kiln of Liaoning,Qing Dynasty

为了更好地揭示清代不同地区建筑琉璃构件的原料、烧制工艺及其性能关系,本工作以北京故宫和辽宁黄瓦窑清代建筑琉璃构件为研究对象,利用WDXRF、EDXRF测定琉璃构件胎、釉的化学组成,利用热膨胀仪和理论计算方法测试计算胎、釉的热膨胀系数。在此基础上,研究了两地清代建筑琉璃构件胎釉的化学组成规律和胎釉热膨胀系数的匹配性关系。结果表明:两地琉璃构件釉料的化学组成基本一致,而琉璃构件胎体原料不同,北京故宫清代琉璃构件胎体化学组成属于硅-铝体系,辽宁黄瓦窑的琉璃构件则属于硅-铝-镁体系,因此两地胎釉热膨胀系数的匹配关系也不同。

To reveal the raw materials, technology and property difference ferent regions, the chemical composition of the body and lead glaze of the of the Qing Dynasty glazed tiles from difglazed tiles from the Palace Museum, Beijing and Huangwa klin, Liaoning were analyzed by WDXRF and EDXRF. The thermal expansion coefficiency of the body and glaze was investigated by thermal expansion instrument and theoretical calculation. Based on the result, the correlation of the chemical contents of the body and lead glaze of the glazed tiles and its thermal expansion coef- ficiency was studied. The results showed that the glazed tiles from the two places have very similar glaze composition but their tile bodies are different. Qing Dynasty glazed tiles from the Palace Museum have Si - Al tile body, while those from the Huangwa klin belong to Si -Al -Mg group. Therefore, their thermal expansions have different correlation factors.