《侵权责任法》中安全保障义务“合理限度”的思考——从比较法角度审视

Reflections on Reasonable Limits of Security obligations in Tort Liability Act Examined from the Perspective of Comparative Law

纠纷与判例及我国刚刚颁布的《侵权责任法》引起人们对安全保障义务中"合理限度"的思考。帕斯格拉芙的世纪奇案诠释了英美法中的合理注意义务的含义,以此为例从比较法的角度思考我国安全保障义务中合理限度的界定,分析我国现行司法中安全保障义务的合理限度;职业在安全保障义务中的作用;对合理限度合理性限制和容忍;运用合理限度的规则时注意与允许危险之间的协调以及注意区别性的原则。

Disputes cases and the recently-issued Tort Liability Act in China have induced the reflections over the reasonable limits of security obligations.The Palsgraf case of last century best illustrates what is implied in the reasonable duty of care in British and American Law.Based on this case,the paper makes a contrastive study,discussing the definition of the reasonable limits of security obligations in our country,analyzing its application in current China＇s judicial system,such as the role of occupations in security obligations,reasonable restrictions and tolerance on reasonable limits,and principles of the regulations between the care of dangers and permission of dangers,and care distinction when the rules of reasonable limits are applied in practice.