武汉市湿地景观动态变化研究

Dynamic changes of wetland landscape in Wuhan

以武汉市为研究区,采用1991、2003年Landsat—TM影像及2009年的CBERS02B—CCD影像为遥感数据源,在对遥感影像精处理基础上,对影像进行外业建标、内业解译和信息提取,获取了武汉市3期湿地景观数据。运用景观质心、动态变化度和相对变化率模型对武汉市湿地景观动态变化进行分析。结果表明：1991~2003年期间,自然湿地面积大幅减少,人工湿地面积增加,整体景观的基质景观类型由自然湿地转向了人工湿地中的水稻田湿地;2003~2009期间,自然湿地的减少幅度变缓,人工湿地面积增加幅度变大,整体景观的基质景观类型由人工湿地的水稻和库塘湿地类型共同组成。从1991~2009年近20年间,武汉城区周边的丘陵及边远地区如黄陂、新洲、汉南各湿地景观类型变化较小,蔡甸区、江夏区各湿地景观类型变化较大。

The paper deals with wetland landscape changes in Wuhan by RS and GIS technology,which selected Landsat-TM image in 1991 and 2003,CBERS02B-CCD in 2009 as the data source.Three period wetland landscape information was extracted by combining multi-scale image segmentation method and visual interpretation method.Wuhan wetland landscape dynamic was analysised by using landscape center of mass,dynamics and the relative change rate model.The results show that： from 1991 to 2003,natural wetland area was greatly reduced,while wetland area was increased,the whole matrix landscape was turned to rice field.From 2003 to 2009,the reducing rate of natural wetlands was slowing down,while the increasing rate of artifical wetlands became larger,the whole matrix landscape was composed of rice field,library and pond.From 1991 to 2009,wetland landscape variations for each administrative region in Wuhan was analysed by relative rate change models.The variations of Caidian and Jiangixa were larger than Wuhan urban.While the variations of surrounding plains and remote areas were smaller,such as Huangpi,Xinzhou and Hannan.