一种改进的高精度超声测距方法研究

Study of Improved Method of Ultrasound Ranging with High Precision

为提高超声测距系统的近距离测距精度,提出了一种改进的超声测距方法。该方法通过将回波信号放大调理为单片机能够识别的计数脉冲,并通过计数一定值的脉冲数确定回波前沿以计算超声波自发出至系统接收到回波的时间间隔。详细介绍了系统工作原理并分析了该方法的理论误差,介绍了超声测距系统的的实现方案、组成结构及软件设计。选用表面光滑的静电板为被测物体进行了测距实验,在200mm^1200mm测距范围内,最大测量误差不超过8mm,实验结果表明该方法有效提高了测距精度。

The advanced method of ultrasonic distance-measurement for raising the precision of close range distance measurement was described,which demodulated the receive wave and taken count of some pulse using the technique of single chip to check up the forward edge of receive wave.The principle of the system was described in detail,and analyzed the theoretical error of distance measurement. The ways of measuring scheme and the structure of the system and the software design also was introduced in paper.The system＇s maximum error is less than 8mm in the measuring range of 200mm～1200mm taking the static board as the experiment object,and the result show that the precision of the advanced principle was improved obviously.