甘肃省农村地区婴儿母乳喂养及其影响因素的调查研究

Investigation and research on breast feeding and its effect factors of rural infants in Gansu

目的:了解甘肃省农村地区1岁以下儿童4个月以内喂养方式及其影响因素,为改善该地区儿童的喂养现状提供科学依据。方法:采用分层随机整群抽样方法抽取甘肃省4市县农村地区1岁以下9个年龄组2 691例儿童及其主要抚养人进行喂养方式的问卷调查;用二分类Logistic多元回归筛选儿童喂养方式的影响因素。结果:胎次增加、母亲文化程度较低是4个月内纯母乳喂养的危险因素,产次是纯母乳喂养的保护因素;胎次增加、母亲年龄增加是婴儿母乳喂养的危险因素,产次增加、父母亲职业为农民是母乳喂养的保护因素。部分母乳喂养的4月龄婴儿的低体重率高于完全母乳喂养的婴儿(P=0.003)。结论:母乳喂养受家庭、社会等多方面因素的影响,应有针对性地加强我省农村地区科学喂养方式的健康教育。

Objective ： To understand the feeding patterns within 4 months and effect factors of children under one year in rural are- as of Gansu, provide scientific data for improving the feeding status of children in the region. Methods： 2 691 rural children under 1 year of 9 age groups and their mothers were selected from 4 cities/counties in Gansu by stratified random cluster sampling method, and the feeding patterns were investigated by questionnaires; binary Logistic multiple regression was used to screen the effect factors of feeding patterns. Results ： High birth order and low education level of mothers were risk factors of pure breast feeding within 4 months, parity was a protective factor of pure breast feeding; high birth order and elderly mothers were risk factors of breast feeding, high parity and parents as peasant were protective factors of breast feeding; the rate of low body weight of infants aged 4 months with partial breast feeding was higher than that of infants with pure breast feeding （ P = 0. 003 ） . Conclusion ： Breast feeding is affected by family factors and social factors, health care targeted to scientific breast feeding of rural areas in Gansu should be enhanced.