调解中间人制度探微

A thorough research on intermediary system

为确保1861年农民改革的法令得到切实贯彻实施,沙皇政府创立了调解中间人制度,它是俄罗斯国家机构体系中的新机关。调解中间人超越等级利益,按照立法者的意图执行2月19日法令。调解中间人制度化解了地主与农民之间的矛盾,保证了改革实施期间的社会稳定,该制度中包含的不可更换、独立性与公开性等原则对后来的地方自治和司法改革均产生了重要影响。

To make sure the implementation of the decrees of the Farmer＇s Reform in 1861,the Tsarist government established the intermediary system,which was a new department in Russian national institution system.The mediation intermediary could transcend the level＇s interests and executed decrees made in February 19th according to the purpose of the legislators.The system resolved the conflicts between farmers and land owners,guaranteed the social stability during the innovation period.The unchangeable,independent and the public principles of this system made important influences on the later local autonomy and judicial reform.