论古希腊宗教与人的意识发展

ANCIENT GREEK PHILOSOPHY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CONSCIOUSNESS

在西方哲学产生之前的古希腊就已经孕育了古希腊的哲学思想,古希腊哲学脱胎于它的宗教。哲学的产生需要人的思维意识的抽象和独立,它随着人对斯芬克斯之谜的回答而出现在人的头脑中。试图从古希腊的原始部落宗教到后来的奥林波斯教和狄奥尼索斯-俄耳甫斯教为脉络,来解析人的意识发展过程,认为人对其本身的自我意识开始从朦胧混沌中清晰,自然和人自身也都作为客体逐渐成为人的思维对象。在这样的过程中,古希腊的宗教完成了对人自身意识的启发,人的意识的觉醒作为哲学思考的基础成熟起来,为哲学思维的产生准备好了思维上的必要条件。

Before western philosophy came into existence,ancient Greek philosophy had derived from religions in its time.Philosophy came into human mind when ancient Greeks found the solution to the riddle of Sphinx.And its appearance requires abstract and independent consciousness of men.This paper tries to analyze the development of human consciousness through ancient Greek religions from primitive tribal religions to Olympus religion and to Dionysus-Orpheus religion.The study reveals that human self-awareness turned from the vagueness in the beginning to clearness and nature and man himself came to be subjects of human thinking.In such process,ancient Greek religions enlightened man's self-awareness that human consciousness grew mature and laid foundation for philosophic thinking.