精神科患者医院感染及其危险因素分析

Nosocomial Infection of Psychotic Inpatients:An Incidence Survey and Risk Factor Analysis

目的调查精神科住院患者医院感染现况及其危险因素,为预防与控制医院感染提供科学依据。方法采用前瞻性监测与回顾性调查相结合的方法,对574例住院精神疾病患者进行调查,描述医院感染现况并分析相关危险因素,数据采用EXCEL 2003和SPSS15.0软件进行分析。结果医院感染发生率9.76%,感染例次发生率10.45%;以呼吸道感染(45.00%)、胃肠道感染(21.67%)和泌尿道感染(13.33%)为主,住院时间长(χ2=21.08,P<0.001)和精神分裂症(OR值1.99,95%CI,1.12～3.52,χ2=6.45,P=0.01)是医院感染的主要危险因素;但不同性别、季节之间医院感染率差异均无统计学意义。结论精神疾病患者医院感染率较高,应针对精神科医院感染的特点及危险因素,采取有效防控措施,降低医院感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the status of incidence and risk factors of nosocomial infection of psychotic inpatients.METHODS A prospective surveillance combined with retrospective survey was conducted among 574 psychotic inpatients,and the incidence rate and related risk factors were analyzed.Data were analyzed with Excel 2003 and SPSS 15.0 software.RESULTS The incidence rate of nosocomial infection was 9.76%.Among the nosocomial infection,the main types of infections were respiratory infection（45.00%）,gastrointestinal infection（21.67%） and urinary infection（13.33%）.The main risk factors included the long hospitalization（χ2=21.08,P0.001）and the disease of schizophrenia（OR=1.99,95%CI,1.12-3.52,χ2 =6.45,P=0.01）.But there was no statistical difference among the different seasons and both sexes（P0.05）.CONCLUSIONS The nosocomial infection is common and frequently occurs among the psychotic inpatients.Therefore taking effective measures to prevent and control the nosocomial infection of psychotic inpatients should be enhanced.