成人破伤风患者医院感染调查分析

Nosocomial Infection in Adult Tetanus Patients:Investigation and Analysis

目的了解成人破伤风患者医院感染发生率、相关因素以及主要病原菌,从而采取有效的预防控制措施。方法对2001年12月-2008年12月收治的74例成人破伤风患者进行回顾性调查分析。结果 31例发生医院感染,感染率为41.89%;重型、老年和实施侵入性治疗患者的医院感染率显著增高,分别占单因素的75.86%、70.37%和61.90%;感染部位以下呼吸道和泌尿道为主,感染率分别为54.83%和16.13%;主要病原菌为肺炎克雷伯菌、葡萄球菌属和真菌,分别占医院感染病原菌的36.84%、31.58%和10.53%。结论成人破伤风患者医院感染率极高,其发生与病情轻重、发病年龄、侵入性治疗有直接关系,感染部位主要为下呼吸道,肺炎克雷伯菌、葡萄球菌属和真菌为主要病原菌。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence rates,the correlative factors and the main pathogens of nosocomial infection in adult tetanus patients,and to provide scientific bases for taking effective prevention and intervention measures.METHODS Totally 74 cases of adult tetanus patients which treated from Dec 2001 to Dec 2008 were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS Among 74 cases,31 cases were with nosocomial infection,the incidence was 41.89%.The infection rates in patients with severe tetanus,aged or with invasive treatments were increased significantly,and accounted for 75.86%,70.37% or 61.90%,respectively.The major infection sites were lower respiratory tract（54.83%） and urinary tract（16.13%）.The main pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae（36.84%）,Staphylococcus（31.58%） and fungus（10.05%）.CONCLUSION The nosocomial infection incidence is much high in adult tetanus patients and it is close related to the severity of tetanus,the age of patient and taking invasive treatment.The major infection site is lower respiratory tract,and the K.pneumoniae,Staphylococcus and fungus are the main pathogens of nosocomial infection.