256例脑卒中患者医院感染分析及对策

Nosocomial Infection in 256 Patients with Stroke:Analysis and Prevention Strategy

目的探讨脑卒中患者医院感染特点及防治措施。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对3408例神经科住院脑卒中患者中的256例医院感染病例进行分析。结果脑卒中患者医院感染发生率为7.51%;感染部位依次为下呼吸道(39.84%)、泌尿道(28.91%)、上呼吸道(15.23%)、胃肠道(6.25%)、皮肤软组织(3.91%)等;伴基础疾病越多,医院感染率越高;出血性脑卒中(脑出血13.89%,蛛网膜下腔出血13.07%)医院感染率明显高于缺血性脑卒(5.53%);轻、中、重型脑卒中患者医院感染率分别为3.71%、7.84%、18.79%;年龄越大、住院时间越长,医院感染率越高。结论脑卒中患者医院感染的危险因素较多,感染部位主要是呼吸道和泌尿道,应预防控制。

OBJECTIVE To study the clinical characteristics and prevention countermeasures of nosocomial infection in patients with stroke.METHODS The method of retrospective review was used to analyze the clinical data of nosocomial infection in 256 patients with stroke among the 3408 cases with stroke in neurology department.RESULTS The incidence of nosocomial infection in our patients with stroke was 7.51%.The infected sites were as follows： lower respiratory tract（39.84%）,urinary tract（28.91%）,upper respiratory tract（15.23%）,gastrointestinal tract（6.25%）,skin and soft tissue（3.91%）,and so on;the rate of nosocomial infection increased along with the increase in underlying diseases;hemorrhagic stroke（cerebral hemorrhage 13.89%,subarachnoid hemorrhage 13.07%）;the rate of nosocomial infection was apparently higher than that of ischemic-stroke（5.53%）;the rate of mild,medium and sevene nosocomial infection in patients with stroke respectively was 3.71%,7.84% and 18.79%.The rate of nosocomial infection increased along with the increase in ages and hospitalization time.CONCLUSION There are many risk factors of nosocomial infection in patients with stroke,such as underlying diseases,age,hospital stay,severity of disease,hemorrhagic stroke and so on.The main infected sites are respiratory tract and urinary tract.Prevention and control measures must be strengthened.