抗菌药物应用与医院感染的相关性调查

Relativity between Antibiotics Application and Nosocomial Infection

目的分析医院抗菌药物的临床应用情况,并探讨其与医院感染的相关性。方法回顾性分析2007-2009年医院2863份住院患者的病历资料。结果医院感染发生率为4.61%,2007-2009年感染率分别为4.07%、4.35%、5.18%;科室分布最多的为普外科、内科、妇产科,分别占22.28%、18.27%、11.91%,医院感染发生率最高的科室为肿瘤科、儿科、神经外科、妇产科,感染率分别为11.30%、6.82%、6.06%、5.87%;感染部位以下呼吸道、上呼吸道、泌尿系统为主,分别占28.79%、21.21%、13.64%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.342,P<0.05)。结论应严格抗菌药物使用指征,加强医院感染管理,重视重点科室监测,提高抗菌药物合理应用,降低医院感染率。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical application of antibiotics,and to study the correlative relationship with nosocomial infection.METHODS From Jan 2007 to Dec 2009,a retrospective analysis was done on the medical history of 2863 inpatients.RESULTS The incidence of nosocomial infection was 4.61%,and the infection rates from 2007 to 2009 were 4.07%,4.35% and 5.18%,respectively.The three main departments using antibiotics were general surgery,internal medicine and gynecology and obstetrics,accounting for 22.28%,18.27% and 11.91%.The incidences were higher in department of oncology,pediatrics,neurosurgeryand gynecology and obstetrics,accounting for 11.30%,6.82%,6.06% and 5.87%,respectively.The major infection sites were the lower respiratory tract,upper respiratory tract and urinary system,accounting for 28.79%,21.21% and 13.64%,respectively,and the differences among them were statistically significant（χ2=5.342,P=0.018）.CONCLUSION The antibiotics should be used strictly based on indications,and the management of nosocomial infection and the monitoring to the key departments should be strengthened to reduce the nosocomial infection rate.