新疆乌鲁木齐地区泌尿系感染的病原菌分布及耐药性调查

Distribution and Drug Resistance of Pathogens from Urinary Tract in Urumchi

目的探讨乌鲁木齐地区泌尿系感染病原菌的分布及对常用抗菌药物的耐药性,为临床医师合理选用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法对医院2007-2009年447株尿路感染病原菌采用常规方法进行鉴定,采用纸片扩散法(K-B法)进行体外药物敏感性监测。结果泌尿道感染的病原菌中革兰阴性杆菌分离率为79.2%,革兰阳性球菌占20.8%;大肠埃希菌分离率最高(66.0%),产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌检出率分别为36.2%、3.8%,除革兰阳性菌对万古霉素,革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南均为100.0%敏感外,对其他抗菌药物产生了不同程度的耐药性。结论临床医师要密切关注泌尿系感染病原菌的变迁及耐药性情况,对其科学有效地进行预防及控制。

OBJECTIVE To discuss the distribution and drug resistance status of pathogens from urinary tract and offer scientific evidence for reasonable usage of antibiotics in Urumqi area.METHODS Totally 447 pathogenic samples of infected urinary tract in hospital from 2007 to 2009 were identified by routing methods,and the antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by K-B method.RESULTS Among pathogens from infected urinary tract,Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 79.2%,and Gram-positive cocci accounted for 20.8%,the first was Escherichia coli with the isolating rate of 66.0%,the detection rate of extended-spectrum β-lactamases（ESBLs）-producing bacteria was 36.2%,and Klebsiella pneumoniae was 3.8%,respectively.No vancomycin resistant G＋ bacteria strains and imipenem resistant G-bacteria strains were found,it showed various resistance to other antibiotics.CONCLUSION Clinician must pay close attention to the transformation and drug resistance status of pathogens from urinary tract so as to effectively prevent and control the drug resistance of the pathogens.