HIV抗体筛查的回顾性分析与初筛流程的建立

Establishment of Primary Screening Procedure and Retrospective Analysis of HIV Antibody screening

目的建立适于微生物科室临床标本人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)筛查的流程。方法对近3年来医院用硒标法和(或)ELISA法初筛HIV阳性与确认结果之间的关系进行回顾性分析。结果硒标法敏感度为97.75%,ELISA法敏感度为100.00%,两法在真阳性标本中的符合率为97.75%;硒标法和ELISA法单一阳性时,假阳性率约为90.00%,两法均阳性时,假阳性率仅为2.25%;ELISA法吸光度值(OD)<0.60时,硒标法和确认结果>96.00%均为阴性。结论综合以上两法检测特点和初筛结果回顾性分析,科室建立了不同临床标本的HIV初检和复查流程,这对预防HIV医院感染具有积极意义,对其他医院HIV初筛流程的建立也有参考作用。

OBJECTIVE To develop a procedure for screening human immunodeficiency viruses（HIV） which suits for microorganism laboratory.METHODS The positive samples screened by Se-sign method and（or） ELISA method in hospital during three years were selected as objects,and the relationship between primary screening methods and confirmative method was investigated by using retrospective analysis.RESULTS Some information was obtained through statistical analysis and a procedure was established as follows： the sensitivities of Se-sign method and ELISA were 97.75% and 100.00%,respectively.The coincidence of the two methods was 97.75% in true positive sample group.The false positive rate（FPR） was 90.00% in samples with solitary positive by Si-sign method or ELISA primary screening.Further,the FPR was only 2.25% when both methods indicated positive.The absorbance（OD） with ELISA method was less than 0.6,more than 96.00% of the samples were negative in examination of Si-sign method and confirmation method.CONCLUSION Combining features of the two methods with retrospective analysis of primary screening,the procedure for HIV primary screening and rechecking has been established,which would be active for preventing against HIV infection in hospital and offer a reference to other hospitals in establishing HIV screening procedure.