应用胶体金免疫层析法检测人群甲型流感病毒抗原阳性率

Application of Colloidal-gold Immunochromatography Assay in Detection of Influenza Virus A Antigen

目的应用胶体金免疫层析法调查无锡地区甲型流感病毒（FLUA）的流行状况。方法采用以胶体金标记的双抗体夹心免疫学检测方法,对无锡地区2009年6月-2010年3月,15 890例鼻咽拭子样本进行特异性FLUA抗原检测。结果应用胶体金免疫层析法检测15 890例鼻咽拭子样本,FLUA抗原总阳性率为4.29%;按年龄分组统计,1~3、4~6、7~9、10~12、13~15、16~18、19~20、21~25、26~30、31~40、41~50、≥51岁年龄组FLUA抗原总阳性率分别为3.31%、2.67%、3.99%、4.10%、4.86%、4.84%、7.19%、5.39%、3.57%、3.06%、3.83%、2.36%,其中19~20岁组中FLUA抗原阳性率最高,统计学分析显示,不同年龄组间阳性率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,不同性别间阳性率差异无统计学意义;按时间段统计,2009年6-12月和2010年1-3月FLUA抗原总阳性率在0~6.88%之间,其中8月份FLUA抗原阳性率最高。结论采用胶体金免疫层析法检测呼吸道标本中的FLUA抗原,可用于人群FLUA病例筛查和疫情监测,为预防控制流感疫情提供流行病学资料。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of influenza virus A（FLUA） infection by applying colloidal-gold immunochromatography assay.METHODS The FLUA antigen was detected in 15 890 epipharynx swab specimens by using the antibody sandwiched immunological method labeled with colloidal-gold from Jun 2009 to Mar 2010.RESULTS The overall positive rates of FLUA antigen was 4.29%.The age-specific positive rates of FLUA antigen in different age groups in： 1-3,4-6,7-9,10-12,13-15,16-18,19-20,21-25,26-30,31-40,41-50,and ≥51 years old,were found to be 3.31%,2.67%,3.99%,4.10%,4.86%,4.84%,7.19%,5.39%,3.57%,3.06%,3.83% and 2.36%,respectively.The positive rate of 19-20 age group appeared the highest among different age groups.The statistical analysis showed that the differences of positive rates of the FLUA antigen among different age groups were statistically significant and no related with gender.The overall positive rates were between 0 and 6.88% corresponding to different months from Jun 2009 to Mar 2010,and the highest appeared in Aug 2009.CONCLUSION Colloidal-gold immunochromatography assay can be used as a routine screening diagnostic method for suspected FLUA cases and epidemic monitoring for the detection of the FLUA antigen,which can provide valuable epidemiology data for the prevention and control of FLUA.