颈内动脉—海绵窦瘘介入治疗围手术期并发症的预见性护理

Foreseeing nursing of complications of embolization in patients with carotid-cavernous fistula

目的探讨颈内动脉-海绵窦瘘（CCF）介入治疗围手术期可能出现的并发症及预见性护理对策。方法对16例行颈内动脉-海绵窦瘘口栓塞过程中可能出现的并发症（穿刺口出血、脑血管痉挛、脑出血、脑栓塞及过度灌注综合征等）进行原因分析和预见性护理。结果所有患者均成功栓塞，突眼、血管杂音等症状缓解，其中1例术中出现球囊破裂予再栓塞，2例出现血管痉挛及时处理缓解，1例出现过度灌注综合征，降压后好转。结论介入栓塞是CCF的有效治疗手段，充分做好术中各项并发症的预见性护理是保障治疗效果的关键之一。

Objective To study the prevention and foreseeing nursing of the complications of interventional therapy for carotid cavernous fistula （CCF）. Methods The foreseeing nursing and reasons for the complications of interventional therapy for CCF were analyzed in the 16 patients. Results 16 patients were embolized successfully. Exophthalmos and vascular murmur were relieved. The most common complications were bleeding of the puncture, cerebral vasospasm, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral embolism and hyperperfusion syndrome. 1 patient was reembolized for the rupture of balloon. Vascular vasospasm was relieved after treatment in 2 patients. Hyperperfusion syndrome was relieved after lower blood pressure in 1 patient. Conclusions Interventional embolization was an effective treatment for CCF. Foreseeing nursing was the key to ensure the treatment effect.