早期母婴皮肤接触对新生儿行为状态的影响

The effect of mother-infant skin-to-skin contact shortly after birth on newborn behaviors

目的探讨早期母婴皮肤接触对新生儿行为状态的影响及其安全性与可行性。方法在北京市某三级甲等医院选取足月新生儿50例,按照随机数字表余数分组法分为干预组和对照组各25例。干预组新生儿进行常规产科护理后与母亲进行1h的母婴早期皮肤接触,对照组只进行常规产科护理。观察干预组新生儿在母婴皮肤接触期间和出生后第5-6h期间的行为状态,并实录其发出的有声音的啼哭。干预结束后采用访谈法了解干预组母亲对早期母婴皮肤接触的感受和评价,对照组也在相应的时间段进行观察和录音。结果干预组新生儿在出生后1h内和第5-6h期间的啼哭次数少于对照组,啼哭持续时间也明显短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);在两个时间段两组新生儿行为状态的差别具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。另外,访谈结果显示,干预组新生儿及其母亲可以接受1h的早期母婴皮肤接触。结论早期母婴皮肤接触可以减少新生儿出生后1h内和第5-6h期间的啼哭次数和啼哭持续时间,增加新生儿睡眠时间。

Objective To explore the effect,safety and feasibility of mother-infant skin-to-skin contact shortly after birth on newborn behaviors.Methods A randomized control trial was conducted.Fifty full-term newborns in a Third-Grade Class A Hospital in Beijing were randomly divided into two groups.Routine obstetric nursing was provided for the newborns in the control group.In addition,one hour of mother-infant skin-to-skin contact shortly after birth was provided for the newborns in the experimental group.The newborn behaviors were observed during skin-to-skin contact and 5-6h after birth.The crying was recorded by a recorder for both groups.Meanwhile,an interview was conducted to investigate mothers’ attitudes towards skin-to-skin contact.Results The frequency and duration of newborns crying 1h and 5-6h after birth in the experimental group were significantly lower than those of control group（P0.01）.The interviews showed that Chinese mothers could accept one hour of skin-to-skin contact shortly after birth.Conclusion Early mother-infant skin-to-skin contact can reduce the frequency and du-ration of newborns crying 1h and 5-6h after birth and increase sleeping time.It is deserved to be spread in newborn nursing.