透析前教育对慢性肾衰竭患者身心健康的影响

Effect of pre-dialysis education on the physical and mental health in patients with chronic renal failure

目的探讨透析前教育对慢性肾衰竭患者身心健康的影响。方法选择慢性肾衰竭并符合腹膜透析适应证,血肌酐>442μmol/L、内生肌酐清除率<20ml/min的患者150例,按入院先后顺序分为干预组78例和对照组72例,干预组进行透析前教育,对照组按常规护理。比较两组患者入组时基本情况、开始透析时、透析后6个月及12个月的抑郁、焦虑、生活质量、透析时机的选择、依从性、回归社会等。结果两组患者入组时的年龄、性别、文化程度、就业、血肌酐、内生肌酐清除率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),开始透析时、透析后6个月及12个月两组的抑郁、焦虑、生活质量、透析时机的选择、依从性、回归社会差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论加强透析前教育可使慢性肾衰竭患者把握透析时机适时透析,有效提高患者透析后的生活质量。

Objective To evaluate the effect of pre-dialysis education on the physical and mental health in patients with chronic renal failure.Methods One hundred and fifty patients with chronic renal failure met the inclusion criteria of peritoneal dialysis were recruited and randomly divided into two groups.The 78 patients in the experimental group received predialysis education,while the 72 patients in the control group received routine care.The patients＇ basis information and their depression,anxiety,quality of life,timing of dialysis,compliance,social function were compared at the entry,at the beginning of dialysis,6 months and 12 months after the dialysis were compared between the two groups.Results There were no significant differences on the patients＇ age,sex,education level,employment,serum creatinine,creatinine clearance rate（P0.05） between the two groups at the entry.Significant differences were found on the depression,anxiety,quality of life,timing of dialysis,compliance and social function at the beginning of dialysis,6 months and 12 months after the dialysis between the two groups（P 0.05）.Conclusion The pre-dialysis education can help the patients receive dialysis therapy at an appropriate time and effec-tively improve the quality of life in patients with chronic renal failure.