《正字通》作者问题补证

Some supplementary evidence for the authorship of Zhengzitong(正字通)

《正字通》作者问题的文献证据已经相当充分,但彻底解决作者问题还须依靠语言学内部证据。古屋昭弘的研究揭示了《正字通》反切音系带有赣方言色彩,本文在以下几方面作了补充论证:一、古屋用反切系联法总结《正字通》音系特点,本文采取数据库统计法进行论证;二、对廖文英的方言背景作更深入探讨,论证廖氏方言为连州土话,而非客家话;三、古屋只将赣语宜春话与《正字通》音系进行比较,论证尚欠严密,本文将比较扩大到宜春话、连州土话、连州客家话和明末南系官话;四、揭示了《正字通》与宜春话一个共同的新的音系特点,即知二和庄组相混、知三和章组相混。

This paper argues that the authorship of Zhengzitong should be established by using not only literature evidence,but also internal linguistic evidence.Furuya Akihiro has revealed the underlying property of the Gan dialect in Zhengzitong and supports the view that ZHANG Zilie（张自烈） is the author.It supplements Furuya＇s research in the following aspects：（1）It is based on statistical data instead of fanqiexilianfa method（反切系联法）.（2） It demonstrates that the dialect of LIAO Wenyin（廖文英）,another possible candidate for its author,is the Lianzhou local dialect instead of Hakka.（3）It expands the comparison scope to the Lianzhou local dialect,Lianzhou Hakka and Southern Mandarin of Late Ming in addition to the Yichun Gan dialect.（4）It shows that the initials of Zhi2（知二） Group merged with Zhuang（庄） Group and Zhi3（知三） merged with Zhang（章）,which is shared by Zhengzitong and the Yichun dialect.