技术伦理位阶探析

On the Technology Ethics Hierarchy

当技术伦理发生冲突时,技术主体就面临着在多种伦理或伦理原则中选择优先适用何者的问题,这就涉及了技术伦理位阶问题。技术伦理冲突是技术伦理位阶存在的逻辑前提。技术伦理位阶可以根据技术主体的身份、技术活动的类型进行判别。在技术活动中优先适用的伦理或伦理原则称为上位技术伦理,次优适用的伦理或伦理原则称为下位技术伦理。作为恒定上位技术伦理的普世伦理因其是人们最基本、最低限度的共同价值、标准和态度,故任何技术活动都必须优先适用它。判别技术伦理位阶可以解决技术伦理冲突,从而帮助专业技术人员解决伦理困惑,使得技术活动合目的性地进行。

It makes a chance to face with the choice of the priority application of the ethics which is named the technology ethics hierarchy when the technology ethics conflicts happen.Technology ethics conflicts are the logical prerequisites for the technology ethics hierarchy.The technology ethics hierarchy can be identified according to the kinds of technical subjects and the type of technical activities.The priority technology ethics called the higher-level technology ethics and the sub-optimal called the lower-level technology ethics.Being the eternal higher-level technology ethics,the universal ethics must be the one by priority because they are the most basic,minimum common values,standards and attitudes.The study can help to solve technical ethical conflict,therefore can help both the professional technical personnel to solve the ethical confusion and the technical activities carried out with the purpose.