陕西中北部农田地表粉尘释放影响因素研究

Effect of Various Factors on Dust Emission in Central-north Shaanxi

为研究陕西中北部地区农田地表粉尘释放特征,选取裸露农田进行野外观测,探讨土壤表土含水量、摩阻风速、土壤类型和地表粗糙度等对农田地表粉尘释放的影响。结果表明,在无植被覆盖、摩阻风速一定的情况下,不同土壤类型的地表粉尘释放通量是不同的;土壤类型相同,体积含水量在0.5%-1.5%时,粗糙度与地表粉尘释放通量呈幂函数关系,是影响地表粉尘释放的决定性因素;在土壤含水量较小时,土壤表土含水量与地表粉尘释放通量呈线性关系;在土壤表土含水量变化不大,土壤类型相同时,摩阻风速与地表粉尘释放通量呈4次幂函数关系。陕西中北部地区农田地表粉尘释放通量的影响因素包括土壤类型、土壤表土含水量、地表粗糙度和摩阻风速等。

In order to study the features of farmland surface dust emission flux in central-north Shaanxi,different factors which might influence the dust emission,including soil moisture,friction velocity,soil types and surface roughness and so on,were investigated in four bare farmland areas of north-central Shaanxi Province.The results indicated that different soil types have different release flux;In the same soil types and little change in soil moisture,at the range of 0.5% and 1.5% of soil moisture,roughness concentration and dust release is power function relationship,roughness concentration is a decisive factor;when the moisture content is at lower level,moisture content and dust release is linear relationship;the friction wind velocity and dust emission flux was the quartic power function.The factors of farmland surface dust emission flux in central-north Shaanxi includes soil type,soil moisture,surface roughness and the friction wind velocity.