论“感性”的本体论向度——以《1844年经济学哲学手稿》为中心

On the Ontological Dimension of Perception——Focusing on the Manuscripts of Economics and Philosophy of 1844

作为马克思哲学的核心范畴,"感性"既不同于黑格尔的"感性概念",又区别于费尔巴哈的"感性直观",而是"思辨的感性",即"感性活动"。由能动性和受动性这两大张力构成的"感性",遵从的既非黑格尔的"理性活动原则",亦非费尔巴哈的"感性——对象性原则",而是自由自觉的"感性活动原则"。马克思的感性是"逻各斯"和"努斯"的统一。感性意识、感性需要和感性解放是其主要表现形式,三者分别从不同的维度展现了其本体论向度。

Being the core category of Marxist philosophy,＂perception＂ not only differs from Hegel＇s perceptual concept,but also from Feuerbach＇s ＂perceptual intuition＂.It is in fact dialectic perception,or perceptual activities.＂Perception＂,composed mainly of initiatives and restrictions,follows neither Hegel＇s principle of rational activities,nor Feuerbach＇s perceptual intuition,but free and self-conscious perceptual activity principle.Marx＇s perception is the unity of logos and nous,and is mainly manifested in the consciousness,needs and liberation of perception,the three aspects which reflect the ontological dimension from different perspectives.