德性还是规则?——关于柏拉图正义追问方式的追问

Virtue or Rule?——Questioning Plato's Cross-Examination of Justice

关于正义是一种德性还是一种规则的争论,在古希腊既已存在,柏拉图坚持从德性的角度寻找正义的概念,而反对从规则的角度去定义正义。但正义首先要料理的是人与人之间的关系,所以,从规则的角度来认识正义才能更加接近正义的真实。不过,正义首先作为一种伦理规则,却又不能仅仅止于伦理规则,比正义规则更为根本的是体现在规则中的正义精神。

The argument on whether justice is virtue or rule has been in existence since ancient Greece.Plato insisted on seeking the connotations of justice from the viewpoint of virtue,and objected to defining justice from the point of view of rule.However,the foremost task of justice is to deal with the relationship between man and man.Thus,the most important function of justice is to adjust relations among people.Therefore,it is much more suitable to understand justice from the perspective of rule.Yet,justice does not stop at being ethical rules,more essential than the rules,is the spirit reflected in the rules.