不同供水量和种子处理对疏叶骆驼刺种子出苗的影响

Effects of water supply volume and seed treatments on seedling emergence of Alhagi sparsifolia

疏叶骆驼刺是塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘荒漠－绿洲过渡带的优势植物种，也是当地防风固沙和草食家畜重要草种。本研究通过人工控制试验，设置６个水分梯度（４．４，８．８，１３．２，１７．７，２６．４，３５．４ｍｍ／ｄ）和４个种子处理（对照，水分浸泡２４和４８ｈ，９８％浓硫酸浸泡２０ｍｉｎ），研究疏叶骆驼刺种子的出苗特征。结果表明，疏叶骆驼刺种皮对种子出苗有抑制作用；对于当年成熟的种子，水分浸泡是较佳的处理方式，浓硫酸浸泡２０ｍｉｎ对于前一年成熟的种子出苗则有明显的促进作用；对照处理的种子在１３．２ｍｍ／ｄ供水量时，达到最高出苗率，水分浸泡２４，４８ｈ和浓硫酸浸泡２０ｍｉｎ处理后的种子都在４．４ｍｍ／ｄ供水量时出苗率达到最大值，较对照处理最佳供水量有所降低；在供水量为４．４和８．８ｍｍ／ｄ时，经过处理的种子开始萌发所需时间较对照处理缩短１～４ｄ。疏叶骆驼刺种子有较长的出苗期，种子出苗具有持续性和连续性，这对于塔南地区植物种子萌发过程规避风险，提高种子萌发成功率具有很好的促进作用。

Alhagi sparsifolia is one of the dominant species in the desert-oasis ecotone of the southern marginal zone of the Taklimakan Desert, a plant for wind protection, sand fixation, and a forage grass. The effects of various combinat ments （control, ions of water supply volume （4.4, 8.8, 13. 2, 17. 7, 26.4 and 35.4 mm/d） and seed treatseed soaking in water for 24 and 48 h and soaking in concentrated sulfuric acid for 20 min） on ripening current year seeds of A. sparsifolia were investigated. Seed coats of A. sparsifolia inhibited seedling emergence. Soaking in water was a better treatment for current year ripening seeds than for last years, soaking in concentrated volume was greater for sulfuric acid for 20 min was a better treatment for the latter. The optimal seeds in the control than for those in the other treatments and the control water seeds while supply germinated after 2 to 6 d in the different water treatments. Soaking in water at 4.4 and 8.8 mm/d and in concentrat ed sulfuric acid shortened seed germination to 1 to 4 d. Seeds of A. sparsifolia showed a long and continuous germination and emergence pattern, a behavior that beneficially reduced the risk of all progeny of a plant germinating at the same time and dying before reproducing.