微型动物捕食污泥减量工艺研究现状

Sludge Reduction Technology Based on Micro-fauna Predation Activity

微型动物捕食污泥减量技术主要有淹没式生物膜法、两段生物反应器、微型动物直接接种法和蚯蚓生态滤池。其中,淹没式生物膜技术和蚯蚓生态滤池技术已在工程上得到应用,这2种技术污泥减量效果明显,具有工艺简单、操作方便和成本低等优点。提高N,P去除率是微型动物捕食污泥减量技术共同面临的问题。进一步优化工艺设计,消除两段生物反应器的污泥膨胀和泡沫;解决蚯蚓生态滤池在工程应用中出现的布水不均匀、局部积水和污泥堵塞等问题;深入研究微型动物捕食污泥减量系统中食物链动态平衡代谢机理,以及填料性质、水力负荷、污染物负荷和温度等工艺条件和环境因素对食物链的影响,对于进一步研究食物链生长动力学,强化微型动物捕食污泥能力具有重要意义。

Sludge reduction technology is based on micro-fauna predation activity including submerged biofilm （SB）, twostage bioreactor, micro-fauna inoculated wastewater treatment system and microbial - earthworm biofiher system（MEES）. With the advantages of simple process, convenient operation and lower costs, SB and MEES have been used in industrial practice and proved to be effective in sludge reduction without affecting treated water quality. Further researches have to be conducted for decrease the concentration of P and N in treated water in these technologies above. It is necessary to optimize these sludge reduction process to control sludge bulking and foaming which often happened in two-stage bioreactor process, and to solve the problem of uneven water distribution, impounded water and biofilter clogged by sludge. To improve the predation activity of micro-fauna and understand kinetics of food chain in these technologies above, further researches on dynamic equilibrium metabolism pathway of food chain, effects of parking particle characteristics,hydraulic loading, pollutant loading and temperature on the growth of food chain need to be conducted.