光学衍射仿真软件的设计与实现

Design and Realization of Simulation Software of Light Wave Diffraction

分析了在计算机模拟光学衍射过程中,把连续的菲涅耳衍射积分公式离散化为离散菲涅耳变换的方法,并用离散菲涅耳变换计算出任意形状衍射屏的衍射光场.应用MATLAB的GUI工具开发了光学衍射仿真软件,它不仅能模拟常见光孔的衍射,也能对如刀片等复杂形状衍射屏的菲涅耳衍射和夫琅禾费衍射进行模拟,有助于理解衍射光在传播方向上近场衍射和远场衍射的不同和衍射花样的分布特征.

In the process of computer simulation of optical diffraction, the discretization method of transforming the Fresnel diffraction integral expression to Discrete Fresnel Transform （DFT） is analyzed, and then using the DFT to do research on diffraction of any obstacle. Application of MATLAB-GUI tools for developing of optical diffraction simulation software can not only simulate the diffraction of common aperture, but also any complex obstacle such as knife. The light wave distribution of Fresnel diffraction and Fraunhofer diffraction can be calculated directly when an observe plane places different distance from the obstacle respectively by the DFT. It helps us to understand the difference of diffraction in near and far fields and the pattern distribution.