周秦诸子历史认识的特点与局限

On Characteristics and Limitations of Zhou-Qin Masters’ Understanding to History

周秦诸子的言论与著述,蕴涵对于历史的深刻认识。春秋、战国时期礼坏乐崩、分裂动荡的社会环境致使周秦诸子通过总结历史以阐述政治主张,决定其历史认识既有着零碎性与片断性、政治性与实用性、主观性与随意性等方面的特点,也存在因为史料搜集、史学思想、治史方法等方面的原因而导致的局限。周秦诸子历史认识的特点与局限,对中国古代史学思想的发展产生了深刻的影响。

The views and writings of the masters in Zhou and Qin Dynasties contain profound insights on history.During the Spring-Autumn and the Warring-States periods,the troubled and turbulent social environments forced them to express their political ideas through historical summary which made their understanding to the history not only reveals the characteristics of being patchy and fragmentary,political and practical,subjective and arbitrary and so on,but also shows some limitations due to the collection of historical material and thoughts and the ways of history research.Both the characteristics and limitations of them set great influence on the development of the historical thoughts in ancient China.