桡骨远端背侧带血管蒂骨瓣转位联合外固定支架治疗陈旧性舟骨骨折

Chronic scaphoid nonunion treated with vascularized bone graft and external fixator

目的 评价桡骨远端背侧带血管蒂骨瓣转位联合腕关节外固定支架治疗陈旧性舟骨骨折的中远期疗效.方法 回顾性分析1995年2月至2006年11月行桡骨远端背侧带血管蒂骨瓣转位联合腕关节外固定支架治疗的13例陈旧性舟骨骨折患者,其中男12例,女1例;平均年龄为29.7岁（21～42岁）;9例伴近侧极缺血坏死.受伤至手术时间平均为22.2个月（8～46个月）.血管蒂为1,2区间间伸肌支持带上血管.固定方式包括螺钉或克氏针内固定及外固定支架固定.评价方式包括Mayo腕关节临床功能评分以及影像学评价.结果 13例患者术后获平均82.9个月（62～116个月）随访,骨折均获愈合,平均愈合时间为11.2周（8～15周）.Mayo功能评价：优3例,良8例,可2例.末次随访时,舟骨角、舟月角、Mayo评分、关节活动度、握力均较术前有显著提高.结论 以1,2区间间伸肌支持带上血管为蒂的桡骨远端背侧骨瓣转位联合腕关节外固定支架治疗陈旧性舟骨骨折,手术过程相对简单,疗效满意.使用外固定支架是能够早期进行功能锻炼进而改善腕关节功能的重要因素.

Objective To evaluate the medium-term follow-up outcomes of treatment of chronic scaphoid nonunion with vascularized bone graft based on 1, 2 intercompartmental supraretinacular artery.Methods From February, 1995 to November, 2006, 13 cases of chronic scaphoid nonunion were treated with vascularized bone graft based on 1, 2 intercompartmental supraretinacular artery in our hospital. Nine cases were complicated with avascular necrosis of the proximal pole. The interval between injury and treatment averaged 22. 2 months. The nonunions were stabilized by screw or external fixator. Procedures of arthrolysis were applied and early wrist mobilization was initiated under the protection of external fixator. Radiographic finding and Mayo scoring system were used to evaluate the clinical outcomes. Results The mean time of follow-up was 82.9 months. The union time for the 13 cases averaged 11.2 weeks. At the final follow-up,there were 3 excellent, 8 good and 2 fair evaluations;the range of motion of the wrist, Mayo score, grip strength, intrascaphoid angle and scapholunate angle were significantly improved. Conclusions Chronic scaphoid nonunion can be well treated with vascularized bone graft based on 1, 2 intercompartmental supraretinacular artery. A simple arthrolysis during the procedure can produce satisfactory results. External fixation plays a critical role in early mobilization and functional restoration of the wrist.