乌鲁木齐南山哈萨克族高血压病人群生活方式的护理干预

Nursing intervention on lifestyle of patients with hypertension disease in Kazak population disease in Nanshan area of Urumqi city

[目的]通过开展健康促进活动和危险因素的强化干预,改变牧民不良生活方式,为探索哈萨克族高血压病人群护理对策提供参考依据。[方法]整群抽取乌鲁木齐南山牧区甘沟乡4个村18岁以上哈萨克族高血压病人919例作为研究对象,将前进村、东风村设为干预组(458例),小渠子村、高潮村设为对照组(461例)。调查高血压病危险因素,制订干预计划,对干预牧区实施连续8个月的以健康教育为主要手段的高血压病综合干预。[结果]多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:哈萨克族人群高血压的主要危险因素依次为饮酒、高盐饮食、吸烟、年龄、超重肥胖等;干预组干预前后高血压病人蔬菜及水果摄入不足、高盐饮食、喜食肥肉、吸烟等危险因素比较差异有统计学意义。[结论]健康教育可以提高病人对高血压疾病的认知水平,有效控制疾病的发展。

Objective：By unfolding health promotion activities and strengthening interventions of risk factors, to change poor lifestyle of herdsmen, so as to provide some references for exploring nursing strategies for hypertension among Kazak population. Methods： A total of 919 Kazakh hypertension patients over the age of 18 years as study subjects by adopting cluster sampling from 4 countrysides in Gan＇gou town of Nanshan pasture area of Urumqi city. Totally 458 patients from Qianjin village and Dongfeng village were taken as intervention group. And 461 patients from Xiaoquzi village and Gaochao village were taken as control group. Risk factors of hypertension of all cases were investigated. Intervention plans had been worked out. Comprehensive intervention for hypertension including mainly health education have been carried out for 8 months. Results..Multifactor Logistic Regression Analysis showed that major risk factors of hypertension in Kazakh population were in orderly as drinking, high-salt diet, smoking, age, over-weight and obesity and so on. There were statistically significant differences in terms of risk factors such as insufficient intake of fruits and vegetables,high - salt diet, eating fat, smoking of intervention group patients between before and after the intervention. Conclusion. Health education can enhance cognitive level of patients toward hypertension and control the development of the disease effectively.