脑穿刺手术模拟训练系统的实验研究

Experimental study of simulation training system of brain puncture

目的通过建立虚拟脑穿刺手术模型进行神经外科手术培训。方法利用虚拟现实技术建立正常成年人脑形态三维图形,机械臂操作系统建立脑穿刺手术模型,计算机实时显示穿刺针进针线路、角度和位置。选择低年资外科医师进行模拟训练。结果医师培训前模拟脑室穿刺平均成功率40%,穿刺实际路径与理想路径夹角(穿刺夹角)为(0.12±0.08)°;经模拟训练后穿刺平均成功率94%,穿刺夹角为(0.09±0.03)°。培训后模拟穿刺成功率较培训前显著性提高(P<0.01),穿刺夹角明显缩小(P<0.01)。结论虚拟现实技术建立的脑穿刺手术模型,为神经外科临床医师快速、熟练掌握脑穿刺手术技巧,提供安全、有效的辅助训练手段。

Objective To establish a virtual brain puncture model for neurosurgical training.Methods Three-dimensional graph of normal adult human brain was constructed by virtual reality technique.The brain puncture model was established by robotic arm operating system.The puncture route,angle and position were displayed by a computer at any time during the puncturing of the puncture needle.The juniorsurgeons were chose forthe training.Results Before training,the mean success rate of brain puncture was 40%and the angle between actual route and ideal route of puncture （puncture angle） was 0.12 ± 0.08 degrees,which became 94% and 0.09 ± 0.03 degrees respectively after the training.The success rate after the training was significantly higher than that before the training （P 0.01）,and the puncture angle was significantly smallerafterthe training （P 0.01）.Conclusions Based on virtual reality,the brain puncture model can provide a safe and effective training method forsurgeons to rapidly masterthe brain puncture technique.