宠物犬和猫流感病毒感染

Influenza Virus Infection in Dogs and Cats

近十年来犬和猫流感病毒感染报道迅速增多,不仅威胁到犬和猫的健康,也对公共卫生造成了影响。自2004年首次发生H3N8亚型流感病毒感染赛犬事件以来,犬流感一直在美国的赛犬和宠物犬中流行。在韩国和我国南方的犬群中出现了因H3N2亚型禽流感感染引起的肺炎病例。亚洲和欧洲均报道了猫H5N1亚型高致病性禽流感致死性感染病例,还通过实验研究发现H5N1亚型流感病毒可在猫与猫之间水平传播。这些现象预示着流感病毒进一步获得了感染哺乳动物的能力,其公共卫生意义需引起关注。为此,本文对犬和猫流感病毒感染的流行病学、临床症状、发病机制、诊断和防控措施进行了综述。

During the last decade,the reports of dog and cat infection with influenza virus are rapidly increasing.The epidemic of influenza in dogs and cats not only threatened the health of these pets,but also had an impact on public health.Since the first outbreak of H3N8 influenza A virus infection in racing dogs in 2004,canine influenza was keeping on circulating in dogs in the United States.In South Korea and southern China,the dog pneumonia cases due to H3N2 avian influenza A virus infection were repeatedly reported.Lethal infections in cats caused by H5N1 virus were found in Asia and Europe.Surprisingly,the transmission of H5N1 virus from cat to cat was observed in experimental infection study.These phenomena indicated that influenza virus has further acquired the ability to infect mammals and we should pay much attention to the public sanitation significance of influenza in dogs and cats.In this article the epidemiology,clinical signs,pathogenesis,diagnosis and preventive measures for influenza in dogs and cats were reviewed.