新生幼犬的被动免疫研究

Passive Immunity in Neonatal Dogs

新生幼犬通过初乳获得的被动免疫,对它的生存非常重要,本研究用犬的多价免疫血清代替初乳作为幼犬保护性免疫球蛋白,对生后2 d内不能获得初乳的幼犬,以及虽然获得初乳但初乳中特异性免疫球蛋白含量较低的幼犬进行了被动免疫试验。对5窝35只幼犬在生后,随机分为吃初乳的对照组、口服血清组、皮下注射血清组、以及口服和皮下注射血清又吃初乳5个组,在幼犬出生时、及出生后48 h和第5天采血,测定犬细小病毒、犬传染性肝炎、和犬副流感的血凝抑制(HI)抗体效价。结果表明:对没有吃到初乳的仔犬,通过早期口服或皮下注射途径给予成年犬的血清,均能代替初乳供给幼犬免疫球蛋白。对吃到初乳的仔犬,能进一步提高幼犬体内特异性抗体水平,但以皮下注射途径最佳。

The transfer of colostrum from the bitch to the pup in the first 48 hours of life is critical to the overall health of the neonatal dogs.It has been stated that pups that did not receive colostrum in the first 2 days after birth as well as those that received colostrum with specific immunoglobulins in low concentraion,be given the superimmunized combined canine antiserum.In this study thirty-five hybridized pups were obtained from 5 bitched.The pups were allotted to 5 groups at birth.Group A was a control group and was allowed to suckle colostrum.Group B D pups received 30 mL /kg of superimmunized combined canine antiserum by OR route at birth.Group C E pups received 30 mL /Kg of superimmunized combined canine antiserum by SC route at birth.Group D E pups were allowed to suckle colostrum also.Group B C were separated from the bitch for 48 hours to prevent colostral abtibody absorption and were fed a commercially available milk replacer by oral or stomach tube.Blood samples were collected from all of the pups at birth,on day 2（48 hours） and day 5.The hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers of canine parvovirus,parainfluenza virus,and infectious hepatitis virus were determinted by hemagglutination inhibition（HI） test.The results indicated that pups receiving colostrum in the first 2 days after birth can be passively immunised using the superimmunized combined canine antiserum by OR or SC route（groupB C）.The pups receive colostrum but specific immunoglobulin in low concentrations,be given the superimmunized combined canine antiserum by OR or SC route also can raise the specific immunoglobulin concentrations（group-DE）.