鸢尾属部分种叶表微形态及其分类学意义

Leaf epidermal micro-morphology of some taxa of Iris and its taxonomical significance

利用扫描电子显微镜对鸢尾属17种植物叶片表面微形态特征进行观察,对其叶表皮微形态特征进行了系统的描述,并作了分类上的比较分析。结果表明,叶表皮的表皮细胞形态、气孔及表皮上的乳突在种间具有一定的分类学意义:鸢尾属植物表皮细胞多为菱形,表皮细胞短菱形的为原始类型;气孔器为不规则形;气孔及垂周壁存在下陷或隆起2种;垂周壁式样为平直或弓形;下陷气孔周边的表皮空隙口形状为椭圆形、方形或菱形;有些种表皮上具有乳突,并存在多态性;这些性状与鸢尾属植物生境不存在直接联系。本文还依据叶表皮微形态特征探讨了属内亚属间及一些近缘种间的分类关系。

We observed the leaf epidermal micro-morphology of 17 taxa of Iris through the scanning electron microscope, described systematically the micro-morphological features of leaf epidermis, and made comparative analysis in the classification. The results indicate that, among different taxa, the morphology of epidermal cells in leaf epidermis, stomata and epidermal papillae are of certain taxonomic significance. In Iris genus, most epidermal cells are diamond-shaped, of which some short-diamond-shaped epidermal cells are of the original type. Stomatal apparatus is of irregular type. Stomata and anticlinal walls have concave or convex types. The pattern of anticlinal walls is straight or arched. The surface gaps around concave stomata are oval, square or diamond-shaped. Some taxa have papillas on epidermis, and are of polymorphism. These traits have no direct relations with the habitat of Iris taxa. The research also explored the taxonomic relations among subgenera and some allied taxa in terms of the micromorphological features of leaf epidermis.