不同脂肪酸饮食对Wistar大鼠胰岛素敏感性的影响

Effects of different fat acid diets on insulin sensitivity in Wistar rats

目的探讨饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)饮食对大鼠胰岛素敏感性的影响。方法 48只雄性W istar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、SFA组、MUFA组、PUFA组。正常对照组给基础饲料(脂肪占10.3%);SFA组饲料在基础饲料中添加15%猪油;MUFA组饲料在基础饲料中添加15%茶油;PUFA组饲料在基础饲料中添加15%豆油(脂肪占35.4%)。8 w后4组各随机选8只大鼠行高胰岛素-正葡萄糖钳夹实验,同时留取空腹血清测定血脂、胰岛素等指标。结果 实验第8周末,与其他3组相比,正常对照组大鼠进食量有所增加,差异有统计学意义(P>0.05)。除外进食量的影响,与SFA组相比,正常对照组、MUFA组、PUFA组血清TC、TG降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而正常对照组、MUFA、PUFA三组间无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与正常对照组、MUFA组相比,SFA、PUFA组FINS、FPG升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),G IR明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但该两组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。与正常对照组相比,MUFA组血清FINS、FPG有升高趋势,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),G IR下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 MUFA饮食较PUFA、SFA饮食可以改善胰岛素敏感性。

Objective To explore the effects of saturated fats acid（SFA） diets,polyunsaturated fats diets acid（PUFA） and monounsaturated fats acid（MUFA）diets on insulin sensitivity in rats.Methods 48 Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control（N）,SFA,MUFA,PUFA groups,each group had 12 rats.The rats in control group were fed with regular low fatty acids diet containing 10.3% fat,24.2% protein,and 65.5% carbohydrate as percentage of total calories. The rats in MUFA,PUFA and SFA groups were fed regular diets mixed with 15% tea oil,15% soybean oil,15% lard oil respectively,containing 35.4% fat,17.4% protein and 47.2% carbohydrate as a percentage of total calories.The blood sample was collected by cardiac puncture after rats were anesthetized with diethyl ether for the biochemical analysis,insulin resistance was evaluated by glucose infusion rate（GIR） of hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique.Results Compared with that of N group,the amounts of food intake were significantly lower in SFA,MUFA and PUFA groups（P〈0.05）.Adjusted for the amount of food intake,compared with those of SFA group,the levels of serum TC,TG were significantly lower in N,MUFA and PUFA groups（P〈0.05）,but there was no detectable difference among N,PUFA and MUFA groups（P〈0.05）.Compared with those of N and MUFA groups,the levels of FINS and FPG were significantly higher in SFA and PUFA groups（P〈0.05） ,GIR was significantly lower in SFA and PUFA groups（P〈0.05）.Compared with that of N group,GIR was significantly lower in MUFA group（P〈0.05）.Conclusions MUFA-rich diet may improve insulin sensitivity.