基于被动视觉的焊接过程多信息检测系统

Multi-information detection system of welding process based on passive vision

针对焊接过程控制的要求,提出了一种基于被动视觉的焊接过程多信息检测系统,系统由工业CCD摄像机、窄带光学滤光片、计算机系统等组成,窄带滤光片以弧光较弱的950 nm为中心波长,以减少焊接过程中弧光的干扰,获得清晰的焊接图像.在焊接过程中,系统通过视觉信息对焊缝、电弧、熔池和焊丝等进行实时检测,提取电弧摆动的中心位置偏差、幅度偏差和角度偏差等多个特征参数,以此对焊枪进行控制,使得电弧的摆动中心和焊缝中心一致,摆动平面和焊缝中心垂直,摆动幅度和焊缝宽度相适应,避免了焊接过程的夹渣和未熔透等缺陷,保证了良好的焊后成形质量.

As for the process control of the arc welding,a detection system for welding process was proposed based on passive vision,which was composed of industry CCD camera,narrow-band optical filters and computer.The center wavelength of the narrow-band optical filter was 950 nm,which could reduce the arc interference and help to obtain a clear image of in welding process.During the welding,the system can detect the arc,molten pool,wire in real time,and the characteristic parameters of the position deviation,amplitude deviation and angle deviation of the arc can be obtained.According to the obtained information,the welding torch can be controlled to make the arc move,which can make the swing center,the swing plane and the swing amplitude be adapted to the position and shape of the weld seam,avoid defects formation during welding and result in a good welding quality.